Waʻa and Other Culturally Grounded Mathematics Curriculum

I am Kamuela E. Yong, a mathematics professor at the University of Hawaiʻi - West Oʻahu. My work focuses on developing culturally grounded mathematics curriculum that weaves Indigenous knowledge, place-based learning, and mathematical reasoning.

This textbook is not only a trigonometry book; it is also a book about voyaging. My hope is that you will come to see trigonometry not as a collection of abstract formulas, but as a way of explaining the world around us. The chapters that follow are meant to show how peoples across the Pacific have navigated the ocean for generations, using the very mathematical principles you are about to learn.

Although I am from Hawaiʻi, I have made a conscious effort to include examples from across the Pacific so that students from diverse backgrounds can see themselves and their cultures represented in these pages. By weaving together mathematics and culture, my aim is to make trigonometry not only more relevant but also more meaningful and exciting.

This textbook was written with you, the student, at its center. Each chapter introduces core mathematical concepts and pairs them with culturally grounded examples to emphasize both understanding and application. Worked examples, practice problems, and explorations are included to help you build confidence in trigonometry and develop a problem-solving mindset.

My own journey into the world of waʻa (canoes) began while writing this book. Not being from a voyaging family, I sought out authentic partnerships with experts and practitioners to ensure that I approached this knowledge with respect, accuracy, and sensitivity. In many ways, this book reflects my journey of learning alongside yours.

I also believe that education should be accessible to all. To support that belief, this book is freely available both as a web version and as a downloadable PDF so that cost is never a barrier to learning.

I invite you to approach these pages as both a resource and a voyage. May they challenge you to think critically, encourage you to see connections between mathematics and the world around you, and inspire you to carry forward the wisdom of those who navigated before us.

This collection brings together lessons that blend mathematics with waʻa (canoes), voyaging, and place-based learning. The lessons range from elementary through high school and are designed primarily for teachers who wish to connect mathematics to Pacific knowledge and practices.

I am available for professional development workshops and collaborative work with schools, districts, and organizations, focusing on:

• Culturally sustaining mathematics instruction
• Integrating waʻa and navigation into K–12 classrooms
• Designing place-based and project-centered math curriculum
• Supporting teachers in culturally responsible implementation

Professional development can be tailored to elementary, secondary, or postsecondary educators.

For questions, collaboration, or professional development inquiries, please get in touch.

Email: kamuela.yong@hawaii.edu